Dr. Georgiou joined the faculty at The University of Texas at Austin in 1986. He earned his doctoral degree in chemical engineering from Cornell University in 1987. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and the American Academy of Microbiology and has received numerous international awards.

Georgiou has developed several protein-based therapies for diseases, including co-developing the leading approach under consideration for treatment of inhaled anthrax. The approach is undergoing clinical evaluation by Elusys Therapeutics Inc. before it is considered for Food and Drug Administration review to become an approved treatment. Other research currently in progress includes the engineering of antibodies for protection against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and the discovery of proteins that can treat autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. His group is also developing generic technologies for accelerating the discovery and production of protein drugs.